Jalpaben Ghodasara1, Trilok Sompura2
1Ph. D. Scholar, Shree Swaminarayan College of Nursing, Swaminarayan University, Kalol, Gandhinagar, India.
2Shree Swaminarayan College of Nursing, Swaminarayan University Kalol, Gandhinagar, India.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: jalpaghodasara@yahoo.co.in
ABSTRACT:
"A Quasi Experimental study to assess the Effectiveness of training Programme on Knowledge related to Comprehensive health care services among community health officers working at selected health and wellness Centers in Rajkot district, Gujarat." The Objectives of the study were to Assess Knowledge related to Comprehensive health care services among community health officers working at selected health and wellness Centers in Rajkot district, Gujarat before and after administration of training Programme. The research approach selected for the study was quantitative research approach and research design used in this study was quasi experimental design. The study was conducted at selected health and wellness Centers in Rajkot district, Gujarat.The samples were selected by Purposive sampling technique. The sample size was of 35. The instrument used for the data collection was questionnaire used to assess the Knowledge related to Comprehensive health care services. After 6 days Training Programme the same questionnaire was used to collect the data from same community health officers for assessing post-test. The data were analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The effectiveness of planned teaching programme was assessed by using paired ‘t’ test. The association between knowledge of Pretest and Post test was analyzed by inferential statistics, (Chi-square test). It reveals that mean value of pre-test knowledge score was 10.883 and post-test knowledge score was 14.75. The mean difference was 3.867. The Standard deviation for pre-test score was 3.412 and post-test score was 2.53. The obtained ‘t’ value 7.03 which was statistically highly significant at the level of p<0.001 (df = 59 table value was 3.46). It is inferred that the Training Programme on Knowledge related to Comprehensive health care services among community health officers was highly effective.
KEYWORDS: Assess, Effectiveness, TP, Knowledge, CPHC, CHO.
INTRODUCTION:
Health and Wellness Centres are designed to provide comprehensive primary health care, encompassing preventive, promotive, curative, rehabilitative, and palliative care. One of the major innovations within this framework is the introduction of mid-level health care providers known as Community Health Officers (CHOs). These officers are typically trained nurses or AYUSH practitioners who undergo additional certification training to equip them for their roles at HWCs. Their placement at the grass root level represents a strategic move to enhance accessibility, affordability and continuity of health care services. The CHO model is considered essential to the functional success of HWCs. CHOs are expected to serve as the first point of contact for individuals and families, managing a wide range of health issues, including non-communicable diseases, maternal and child health, family planning, communicable disease control, and emergency care. Additionally, CHOs are tasked with managing community engagement activities, health education, health screenings, and referral services. Given this expansive role, it is crucial that there is clarity and consensus regarding what CHOs perceive as their responsibilities, what is expected of them by the health system. This study, therefore, aims to contribute to the growing discourse on strengthening India’s primary healthcare system by focusing on the role of CHOs. By doing so, the research will offer practical recommendations to enhance role clarity, training relevance, job satisfaction, and service effectiveness all of which are fundamental to achieving comprehensive and equitable health care delivery at the community level.1
NEED FOR THE STUDY:
Primary Health Care (PHC) is the corner stone of any effective health system, especially in low- and middle-income countries like India. The World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes that PHC should be universally accessible to individuals and families, through full community participation and at a cost the country and community can afford. In this context, the Government of India initiated a major reform through the Ayushman Bharat Health and Wellness Centre (AB-HWC) initiative in 2018. The initiative aimed to strengthen the delivery of comprehensive primary health care services through the deployment of Community Health Officers (CHOs), who serve as the first point of contact in rural and underserved areas.2
Despite the strong policy intent, the operationalization of CHOs in Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) faces numerous challenges. One of the pressing concerns is the alignment of the perceived roles by CHOs, the expected roles as defined by their supervisors and health system, and the actual roles performed in practice. Studies suggest that a lack of role clarity can result in professional dissatisfaction, reduced productivity, miscommunication, and poor health outcomes. Therefore, there is an urgent need to Train CHO.Furthermore, gaps in performance, if unaddressed, can reduce the trust and utilization of public health services by the community.3
Role performance of CHOs is influenced by multiple factors: training adequacy, supervision quality, workload, community support, availability of logistics and infrastructure, and motivational aspects. The system expects CHOs to manage outpatient care, screen for non-communicable diseases, conduct follow-up visits, manage health promotion activities, and ensure reporting and documentation, and coordinate with other health functionaries. However, if CHOs are unclear about these expectations or face systemic barriers, the intended outcomes of primary health care may not be realized.
OBJECTIVES:
HYPOTHESIS:
H1: There will be a significant difference between the pretest and post test knowledge score regarding Comprehensive health care services among community health officers.
METHDOLOGY:
RESEARCH APPROACH:
Quantitative approach.
RESEARCH DESIGN:
A Quasi experimental design was chosen for the study.
VARIABLES:
Dependent variables:
Knowledge on Comprehensive health care services
Independent variables:
Training Programme on Comprehensive health care services
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:
Purposive Sampling
SAMPLE SIZE
35 Community Health Officers.
MAJOR STUDY FINDINGS:
Major study findings include
1. Findings related to demographic variables:
The respondent was between 21-30 years of age.
The majority of (85%) respondent were Completed their Nursing Courses, only (15%) have completed their Bachelors of Ayurvedic Medicine.
2. Findings related to assessment of pretest and post test level of knowledge scores regarding Comprehensive health care services among community health officers The findings of pretest score of level of knowledge shows that, 14 (40 %) of Community Health Officers had moderate knowledge and 12 (34.28%) of Community Health Officers had inadequate knowledge and only 09 (25.71%) of them had adequate knowledge.
The findings of post test score of level of knowledge shows that, 24(68.57%) of Community Health Officers had adequate knowledge and 7(20%) of them had moderate knowledge and only 4(11.42%) of Community Health Officers had inadequate knowledge.
3. Findings related to the comparison of pretest and post test level of knowledge scores regarding Comprehensive health care services among community health officers The analysis revealed that the mean score was increased from 10.883 to 18.75 and the standard deviation was decreased from 3.412 to 2.53 after the administration of planned teaching programme. The obtained ‘t’ value 12.03, which was statistically highly significant at the level of p<0.001. It implied that, the planned teaching programme regarding Comprehensive health care services among community health officers was very effective.
Out of all demographic variables year of experience and level of education had signification association.
CONCLUSION:
The present study conducted on Community Health Officers had inadequate knowledge in pre- test. After giving effective Training programme CHO had adequate knowledge on Comprehensive health care services. This understood that proper Training programme regarding Comprehensive health care services among Community Health Officers surely improve their knowledge and promote the Health Care Delivery at Community Centers.
REFERENCES:
1. Training Module for Certificate Course in Community Health, IIPH Gandhinagar.
2. Kumar R, Dixit S, Sharma M. Perceived roles of Community Health Officers in primary health centres of Madhya Pradesh: a qualitative study. Indian J Community Med. 2020; 45(3): 298-303.
3. Sharma A, George S, Thomas T. Influence of training background on role perception among CHOs. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020; 9(6): 3114-8.
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Received on 08.12.2025 Revised on 09.01.2026 Accepted on 02.02.2026 Published on 25.02.2026 Available online from February 28, 2026 A and V Pub Int. J. of Nursing and Med. Res. 2026; 5(1):34-36. DOI: 10.52711/ijnmr.2026.08 ©A and V Publications All right reserved
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